Opis
The New Face of the World Trade Organization
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego
Autor: Renata Orłowska, Krystyna Żołądkiewicz
This book is an attempt to draw attention to the significance of the WTO in international economic diplomacy. It fills a gap among publications on the multilateral trading system, and it addresses tendencies and challenges confronting the functioning of the WTO. The content makes the book unique and special. Its goal is to provide a new approach to economic and business studies. It should assist those who deal in the international market to enhance their knowledge of the WTO’s competencies and the multilateral trading system.
Among the expected outcomes of reading this book is learning about the interplay between multilateral trading systems and trade policy objectives. This knowledge will help the readers address an international trading environment’s requirements, indispensable for current or future operating business people. It will enhance their expertise in the terminology used in international trade, the basic principles, rules, and procedures of the multilateral trading system, and the results of trade negotiations and Ministerial Conferences. The book’s structure reflects this pattern.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abbreviations . . 11
Introduction . . . 17
Chapter 1
Overview of international economic diplomacy . .. 23
1.1. Definition . .. 23
1.2. Importance of international economic diplomacy . . 27
1.3. Main players . .29
1.4. Economic diplomacy versus commercial diplomacy . . . 32
Chapter 2
Literature review on the background
of the multilateral trading system . . . 37
2.1. Economic rationale for free trade policies . . 37
2.2. Rationale for trade intervention policies . . 45
Chapter 3
Introduction to the World Trade Organization . .. 55
3.1. Motivation behind the World Trade Organization . 55
3.2. History of the World Trade Organization . .. 58
3.2.1. Post-World War II consensus:
Political security through economic security .. 58
3.2.2. From the General Agreement
of Trade and Tariffs to the World Trade Organization . 60
The new face of the W 8 orld Trade Organization
3.3. Overview of the World Trade Organization . . 62
3.4. The General Agreement of Trade and Tariffs
versus the World Trade Organization . . 64
Chapter 4
Characteristics of the World Trade Organization . . . 67
4.1. The World Trade Organization’s institutional
and legal framework . .. . 67
4.2. Decision-making . . . . 72
4.3. Budget . . . 74
4.4. Accession to the World Trade Organization . 74
Chapter 5
Principles . .. . 83
5.1. Non-discrimination . 84
5.2. Reciprocity . . . 86
5.3. Transparency . . . 87
5.4. Accountability: Enforceable commitments . . . 89
5.5. Flexibility . . 91
5.6. Post scriptum . .. . 92
Chapter 6
Dispute settlement . .. 95
6.1. The Dispute Settlement Body and the Appellate Body . . 95
6.2. Dispute settlements in numbers . . . . 99
6.3. Dispute settlement procedure . .102
6.4. Post scriptum . . 107
Chapter 7
Multilateral trade negotiations . . . 111
7.1. General description of negotiating rounds . .. 111
7.2. Early multilateral trade negotiations . 116
7.3. From the Dillon Round to the Tokyo Round .117
7.4. The Uruguay Round . . 119
7.5. The Doha Round . . . 122
Chapter 8
The World Trade Organization Ministerial Conferences . . 127
8.1. Overview of the Ministerial Conferences . .127
8.2. Ministerial Conferences 1996–2001 . 129
8.3. Ministerial Conferences 2001–2011 . .. 132
8.4. Ministerial Conferences 2011–2021 . . 136
Chapter 9
The Trade Facilitation Agreement . . . 143
9.1. Trade facilitation – overview . . 143
9.2. History of the Trade Facilitation Agreement . . 145
9.3. The Trade Facilitation Agreement’s implementation process . 146
9.4. The Trade Facilitation Agreement Facility donors . . 154
Chapter 10
Development: Aid for Trade . 157
10.1. Genesis of the idea . . 157
10.2. Aid for Trade concept and task force . 159
10.3. Aid for Trade work programme . .. 163
10.4. Aid for Trade logical monitoring framework . . 164
10.5. Aid for Trade global flows . .. 166
Chapter 11
Some current issues . .. . 177
11.1. Unfinished business and room for improvement . . 177
11.2. The World Trade Organization under COVID-19 . .. 186
Annexes . . 193
Annex 1. The World Trade Organization Agreement –
list of Annexes . . . 193
Annex 2. Previous General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
and World Trade Organization Directors-General . . 195
Annex 3. World Trade Organization members
as of the 29th of July 2016, with accession dates 196
Annex 4. Average bound and applied tariffs
of selected World Trade Organization members, in % . 202
The new face of the W 10 orld Trade Organization
Annex 5. World Trade Organization members
that have ratified the Trade Facilitation Agreement . 204
Annex 6. The World Trade Organization
and Sustainable Development Goals . . 210
References . . 215
List of boxes . . . 230
List of figures . . . 231
List of tables . . . 232
Opinie
Na razie nie ma opinii o produkcie.