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Judges and Slaves. Sketches from the Philosophy of Law

66,90  (w tym 5% VAT)

ISBN: 978-83-7865-890-0

Rok wydania: 2019

Liczba stron: 290

Format: 175 x 225 mm

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Judges and Slaves. Sketches from the Philosophy of Law

Autor: Jerzy Zajadło

Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego

 

The central concerns of this study are court cases and the verdicts of the judges invo!ved in them. Its uniąueness in Poland resides in thefact that the author does not resthct himselfin his narrative to a presentation of judges’ views, but concentrates on court rulings. It, thus, brings Polish readers close to the essence of American jurisprudence. (…) Jerzy Zajadło convincing!y demonstrates the role ofideology, mostly that of natur al law, in slave cases heard in court, introducing thereby the exceptionally important concept of „judicial disobedience.” Further, the author shows how very often the issue ofslavery was only marginal – fundamentally, it was a matter of the interpretation ofthe Constitution (…). From this perspective, I see the main merit of Professor Zajadło’s work in the fact that it is basically a book about the law’s conservatism and about conflicts between the law and morality. Laws of naturę, customs, and interests all come into play, which, as a result, leads to a conflict between positive law and the morał reąuirement of disobedience. In Zajadło’s book, the dilemmas ofthe judge’s conscience are analyzed from all sides.

Professor Wiktor Osiatyński

 

Contents

Introduction

The Constitution – A Covenant with Death and an Agreement with Hell 9

1. Prosecutors, Vindicators, and Historicists 11

2. Thomas Jefferson: American Sphinx 17

3. A Pro-Slavery Constitution – Despite Everything 24

4. History and Paradigms 29

Chapter I

Justice William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield:

Somerset v. Stewart and Gregson v. Gilbert 37

1. Lord Mansfield 39

2. Somerset v. Stewart 47

3. The Massacre Aboard the Zong 52

Chapter I I

Justice William Cushing: Commonwealth v. Jennison 65

1. “A Mortal Wound” 67

2. The Quock Walker Cases 72

3. Four Riddles 75

4. The Paradigmatic Dimension 84

Chapter I I I

Justices George Wythe and St. George Tucker: Hudgins v. Wright 89

1. The Case of Hudgins v. Wright 91

2. George Wythe and St. George Tucker 95

Chapter IV

Justice John Marshall: The Case of The Antelope 101

1. The Sea and Slaves 103

2. The Case of La Jeune Eugenie 107

3. The Case of The Antelope 109

Chapter V

Justice Lemuel Shaw: Commonwealth v. Aves 115

1. Judicial Disobedience 117

2. Commonwealth v. Aves 122

3. Justice Lemuel Shaw 127

Chapter VI

Justices Thomas Ruffin and William Gaston: State v. Mann and State v. Will 133

1. Thomas Ruffin and William Gaston 135

2. State v. Mann and State v. Will 140

3. Pierre Bourdieu’s Reflexive Sociology 146

Chapter VII

Justice Joseph Story: Prigg v. Pennsylvania 155

1. The Fugitive Slave Clause in the 1787 Constitution 157

2. The Law on Fugitive Slaves of 1793 159

3. From Compromise to Conflict 162

4. The Paradigmatic Importance of the Verdict 163

5. The Facts and the Verdict 166

6. Justice Joseph Story 171

7. The Paradigmatic Dimension of Dilemmas of Judicial Conscience 177

Chapter VII I

Justice Joseph C. Hornblower:

State v. The Sheriff of Burlington and The New Jersey Slave Case 179

1. Chief Justice Joseph C. Hornblower 181

2. State v. the Sheriff of Burlington 186

3. The New Jersey Slave Case 189

Chapter IX

Justice Levi Woodbury: Jones v. Van Zandt 191

1. On the Subject of the Underground Railroad 193

2. The Literary Equivalent – John Van Trompe 198

3. Jones v. Van Zandt 201

4. Justice Levi Woodbury 203

Chapter X

Justice Roger B. Taney: Dred Scott v. Sandford 207

1. The Dred Scott v. Sandford Decision – Lawful or Shameful? 209

2. Who Was Dred Scott? 211

3. Promising but Ultimately Unfavorable Beginnings 214

4. The Tragic and Ultimately Unsuccessful Finale 216

5. Justice Roger B. Taney 219

Chapter XI

Justice John McLean and Justice Benjamin R. Curtis:

Dissenting Opinions in the Dred Scott v. Sandford Decision 225

1. Justice John McLean 227

2. Justice Benjamin R. Curtis 229

Chapter XI I

Justice Joseph Rockwell Swan: Oberlin – Wellington Rescue 233

1. The Unusual Oberlin College 235

2. Oberlin – Wellington Rescue 236

3. Two Different Reactions 238

4. The Trials 240

Chapter XI I I

Justice Abram D. Smith: Ableman v. Booth 243

1. The Defiant Citizens of Wisconsin 245

2. The Cases Booth I, Booth II and Booth III 248

3. The Ableman v. Booth Case 251

Epilog

The Thirteenth Amendment of the Constitution 253

Bibliograph y 263

Index of Persons 283

Index of Cases 288

 

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